Systems theory

A few weeks ago, we were having coffee at work, and the topic of voting on several options came up: a new gym, free fruit in the cafeteria, and a third option that I don’t remember. It’s good to see that people have different preferences, but what instantly came to my mind—when I chose the gym option—was systems theory.

Systems theory is a framework for connecting different parts, seeing a system as a whole working together rather than as individual parts working independently. For example, people might run on the treadmill at the gym and then drive to work. But if you looked at the system as a whole, you might think differently: if the workplace had a gym (and showers), you could run to work, shower there, and save both the time and money you would otherwise spend at a commercial gym and a car. Plus, you could use the savings to buy some excellent fruit. Additionally, with a free gym option, some employees might start exercising, improving their long-term health and ultimately benefiting society in the long run (fewer cardiovascular problems, reduced healthcare costs, and so on).

You can also apply this theory to everyday situations. For instance, let’s say you’re feeling lazy and want to watch TV. You could just put on a random programme. However, you could choose a similar show in a foreign language and improve your listening skills at the same time. Or you might watch a video from a gardener in Singapore sharing tips on improving the garden. In the end, these relationships amplify: in a short amount of time, you gain compounding benefits. In other words, you learn English, pick up gardening skills, get entertained, and save money by not hiring a gardener.

For me, systems theory is also related to the idea of Via Negativa from Nassim Taleb: building systems that reduce harmful or unnecessary elements rather than adding cures on top. For example, instead of taking vitamin pills, why not eliminate processed food? Saying no to bad decisions with a high probability of bad outcomes is just as difficult—if not more so—as trying to find solutions to problems. Most things in life are out of our control, but, as in tennis, avoiding unforced errors is as important—if not more so—than scoring aces. Avoid mistakes, reduce risk, and you’ll already be in a stronger position than most.